Acute Transfusion Reactions–A Multi-Center Study

Abstract

Background: Blood transfusion is a life-saving yet risk-laden procedure. Although advances in technology and treatment have reduced reaction rates, a variety of adverse reactions still occur. Objective: To determine the prevalence of adverse transfusion reactions and to compare these findings with data from both domestic and international studies.

Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study included all adverse transfusion reactions reported to the blood banks of Islam Central Hospital and Islam Teaching Hospital, Sialkot. Data were recorded and analyzed according to the guidelines set by the Punjab Blood Transfusion Authority and the Health Care Commission over a three-year period, from January 2022 to December 2024.

Results: Out of 4,185 blood transfusions, 30 (0.71%) were associated with adverse transfusion reactions. The most commonly observed complication was febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction, with packed red cells identified as the most frequently implicated blood component.

Conclusion: The spectrum of adverse transfusion reactions remains evident despite rigorous prophylactic efforts.